Challenges in the Use of Transponders for Search and Rescue Operations in Small Vessels: A Case of Mtwara and Lindi Coastal Regions, Tanzania

This study investigates the prevailing challenges in the use of transponders for search and rescue(SAR) operations among small vessels along the coastal regions of Mtwara and Lindi, Tanzania. The objective is to assess the effectiveness, accessibility and operational limitations of transponders in enhancing maritime safety in these underserved areas. A mixed method approach was employed, involving surveys and key informant interviews with local fishermen, maritime authorities, and SAR personnel. Findings reveal that while transponders are vital for improving SAR responsiveness, small vessel operators face critical challenges including high cost, limited technical knowledge, unreliable signal coverage, and poor enforcement of safety regulations. The paper concludes with policy recommendations including subsidized transponder programs, capacity building, and community - based safety sensitization to enhance maritime safety and reduce casualties in coastal Tanzania