Free Association Database for a 62-Word Dataset Including Emotion and Colour Terms in English, Estonian, French, German, Italian, Lithuanian, and Spanish: Data from 14 Countries
This article presents a free association database containing responses to 62 stimulus words (including colour terms, emotion words, and common nouns) across seven languages: English, Estonian, French, German, Italian, Lithuanian, and Spanish. Data were collected online from 1,439 participants (mean age 31.47 years) across 14 countries, yielding 223,786 responses. All data were cleaned, normalised, and organised for analysis, with both raw and processed datasets available on OSF. This cross-linguistic resource enables research on semantic networks, psycholinguistics, translation studies, and cross-cultural comparisons, providing insights into how meaning is constructed within and across different languages and cultures.
Authors
- J Havelka (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-2135)
- Barry W. Burton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9331-1160)
- Cecilia Toscanelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-3506)
- Tobias Loetscher (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1967-2926)
- Maja Roch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-9557)
- Domicelė Jonauskaitė (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7513-9766)
- Eduardo Fonseca‐Pedrero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7453-5225)
- Déborah Epicoco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-3000)
- Bigna Lenggenhager (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0418-9931)
- Violeta Corona (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3410-7693)
- Mari Uusküla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6219-9228)
- Michael Quiblier
- Éric Laurent (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7112-6765)
- Corinna M. Perchtold‐Stefan
- Christine Möhr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-7115)
- Philip C. Mefoh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7529-3843)
- Merle Oguz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2436-8403)
- Daniel Oberfeld (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6710-3309)
- Maliha Bouayed Meziane (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1813-7702)
- Giulia F. M. Spagnulo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7200-7867)
- Stephanie Lopez Castiñeira
- Leila Manni
- Rabia Yağmur Özduran
- Patricia Quant
- Sude Sarayköylü (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2347-4466)
- Maël Theubet (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4650-068X)
- Consuelo González-Dávila
Institutions
- University of Bern (CH)
- University of Nigeria (NG)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (DE)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Inserm (FR)
- University of Graz (AT)
- Universidad de La Rioja (ES)
- University of South Australia (AU)
- HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (CH)
- University of Konstanz (DE)
- Tallinn University (EE)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Polytechnic School of Algiers (DZ)
- The Geneva Association (CH)
- Université Marie et Louis Pasteur (FR)
- Yaşar University (TR)
- Universidad Panamericana (MX)
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
- Université de Franche-Comté (FR)
- University of Lausanne (CH)
- KU Leuven (BE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Open Psychology Data
- Published
- 2025-08-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5334/jopd.140
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Categorization, perception, and language
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.12
Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Universität Wien
- Erasmus+