THE ACCESSION OF PERM TO THE RUSSIAN STATE

The article is devoted to the problem of dating Permian annexation to the Moscow state, which has remained controversial until now. For a long time, the opinion prevailed in Russian historiography that this event occurred in 1472, when, after the defeat of Novgorod in the Battle of Shelon, the Moscow army of Prince F. Pestry, as a result of a punitive expedition, finally secured this territory to Moscow. O. V. Semenov suggested timing the annexation of Perm the Great to 1505, when the last local prince Matvey was replaced from the Perm governorate and the Great Perm charter was issued, which turned Perm into an ordinary administrative-territorial unit of the Moscow state. The article suggests that we should be guided by the testimony of other historical documents, given that in the sources we bury Perm included both Vychegodskaya Perm and Velikaya Perm. Both Permian provinces were annexed to the Moscow state no later than 1449, when the term Permian entered the object part of the title of Vasily II, which resulted in the appointment of governors from baptized local nobility in 1451, granting them Russian princely titles. Doubts about the completeness of the dependence of the Great German princes on the central government are dispelled by the use of the terms «sluga» and «votchich» in relation to them, which at that time had a well-defined meaning of subordination. It is proposed to continue the source analysis of the charter of 1505 in order to highlight its oldest part from the text of the document in 1451.