Artificial Intelligence as a Catalyst for ESG Performance: Insights from Chinese Manufacturing Firms

This paper provides a theoretical exploration of the internal mechanisms through which artificial intelligence influences the environmental, social, and governance performance of manufacturing enterprises. Utilizing panel data from A-share manufacturing companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges between 2013 and 2022, this study empirically examines the impact of AI on corporate ESG performance. The key findings are summarized as follows:(1) Artificial intelligence significantly enhances the ESG performance of manufacturing enterprises. After addressing endogeneity issues and conducting multiple robustness tests, this conclusion remains robust.(2)Mechanism analysis indicates that AI improves ESG performance by optimizing resource allocation and enhancing information transparency.(3)Heterogeneity analysis reveals that a supportive business environment and high technological intensity amplify the positive marginal effects of AI on ESG performance.