Factors shaping FinTech adoption: a systematic review, key determinants, theoretical insights, conceptual framework and future research directions

Purpose This study aims to systematically review and synthesize the fragmented body of literature on financial technology (FinTech) adoption. It identifies the dominant theoretical models, key adoption influencing factors and critical research gaps to formulate a comprehensive future research agenda that guides both scholarly inquiry and practical implementation. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. A total of 202 empirical studies from Scopus and Web of Science databases were analyzed. The studies were assessed for theoretical frameworks, methodological approaches and adoption determinants. Findings The review identifies a strong reliance on quantitative methods and a dominant use of technology acceptance models (TAMs), such as unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, TAM and theory of planned behavior. Adoption factors are grouped into six thematic dimensions: (1) perceived value and benefits, (2) perceived risk and uncertainty, (3) user characteristics and attitudes, (4) social and cultural influences, (5) technology and system characteristics and (6) contextual and environmental factors. The study highlights underexplored areas such as qualitative approaches, geographic diversity and integrated theoretical perspectives. Originality/value This review provides one of the most comprehensive syntheses of FinTech adoption literature to date. It articulates a clear and forward-looking research agenda by bridging theoretical, contextual and methodological gaps. The study offers valuable insights for scholars seeking to advance academic discourse, as well as for policymakers and industry practitioners aiming to enhance FinTech adoption strategies in diverse contexts.