Research Progress of Differentiation Cluster Molecules CD24, CD44, CD47 in Breast Cancer

分化簇分子CD24、CD44和CD47在乳腺癌的发生、发展及预后中扮演着关键角色。CD24在三阴性乳腺癌中备受关注，其高表达与药物抵抗性及肿瘤进展密切相关，并被认为是潜在的免疫治疗靶点。CD44作为细胞表面黏附分子，调控细胞增殖、分化和迁移，在乳腺癌中与肿瘤侵袭性及预后密切相关。CD47则作为抗凋亡分子，影响肿瘤细胞存活和免疫反应，其高表达与免疫逃逸机制相关，靶向CD47的免疫疗法展现出显著治疗潜力。本文综述了CD24、CD44和CD47在乳腺癌中的表达特征、临床意义及作用机制，并探讨其作为治疗靶点的潜力，旨在为乳腺癌的诊断、预后评估和治疗提供新的方向和策略。The differentiation cluster molecules CD24, CD44 and CD47 play key roles in the occurrence, development and prognosis of breast cancer. CD24 has attracted much attention in triple-negative breast cancer. Its high expression is closely related to drug resistance and tumor progression, and is considered as a potential immunotherapy target. CD44, as a cell surface adhesion molecule, regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, and is closely related to tumor invasion and prognosis in breast cancer. As an anti-apoptotic molecule, CD47 affects tumor cell survival and immune response, and its high expression is related to immune escape mechanisms. Immunotherapy targeting CD47 has shown significant therapeutic potential. This article reviews the expression characteristics, clinical significance and mechanism of CD24, CD44 and CD47 in breast cancer, and discusses their potential as therapeutic targets, aiming to provide new directions and strategies for the diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and treatment of breast cancer.