Performance evaluation of benzoylated bamboo rhizome-reinforced formulations for automotive brake pads

The rising demand for sustainable automotive components has driven advancements in eco-friendly brake pads. This study explores the use of chemically modified Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii ( P . stocksii ) bamboo rhizomes to enhance mechanical and tribological properties while reducing hydrophilicity. Benzoylated bamboo rhizomes were incorporated into a cardanol-modified polymer matrix with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to develop biodegradable, asbestos-free brake pads. Optimization studies identified the best-performing formulation, C10S8B12, which was rigorously tested using a CHASE tribometer per SAE J866a standards. It achieved a coefficient of friction (0.43 normal, 0.42 hot), minimal wear loss (3.33%), excellent fade resistance (6.67%), and a 102% recovery rate, meeting FF Edge Codes and OEM specifications. Scanning Electron Microscopy confirmed enhanced tribological performance, highlighting modified bamboo rhizomes as a sustainable alternative.