Constructing Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Surfaces

Colloidal lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) are a class of materials that have exceptional optical properties, with a large variety of use cases from photovoltaics to quantum cryptography. The construction of LHP NC surfaces is fundamentally mediated by ligand species, which play a role in all aspects of the resulting LHP NC characteristics, including photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), colloidal stability, and ultimately their performance in optoelectronic devices. In this Review, we highlight advances and promising areas in the construction of LHP NC surfaces via three main schemes: preparation of native surfaces simultaneously with colloidal growth, ligand exchange schemes, and reactive chemistry yielding modified surfaces or compositional structures. In combination, these schemes provide innumerable opportunities for exploration and rational control of the colloidal and electronic properties of the resulting materials.