A Retrospective Study of Demographic Profile of Homicide Cases Autopsied at a Teaching Hospital in Nellore, Andhra Pradesh (2023-24)

Homicide remains one of the most serious crimes confronting society, demanding thorough investigation not only to ensure justice for victims but also to prevent future occurrences. This retrospective, hospital records-based study was conducted at ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore, analyzing data from 46 homicide cases autopsied during the years 2023–2024. The majority of victims were male (67.39%), with the highest incidence observed in the 21–30 year age group (28.26%). Spot deaths accounted for 36.96% of cases, and evening hours (18:00–00:00) were the most common time of occurrence, representing 43.48% of cases. The leading motive was a combination of argument and revenge, contributing to 39.13% of cases. Stab injuries (n = 18) and head injuries (n = 13) were the predominant causes of death. Compared to previous studies in Nellore, there is a noticeable increase in sharp force-related injuries over blunt force trauma. These findings suggest evolving patterns in homicide dynamics, emphasizing the need for further research into the relationship between perpetrators and victims, predominantly in light of the rising trend of domestic homicides in India. Understanding these micro dynamics is essential for developing effective preventive strategies and improving investigative approaches.