Assessment tools development for enhancing higher order thinking skills in Islamic contextualized stoichiometry

This research seeks to create a higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) assessment for stoichiometry that integrates Islamic principles, ensuring it meets the criteria of validity, reliability, difficulty level, and distinctiveness. The integration is essential to combine scientific understanding with spiritual values and to enhance ethics in science. The research employed a research and development study with the Tessmer model, ,consisting of preliminary‎, self-evaluation‎, prototyping‎, and field test stages. Product quality was validated by a material expert, a media expert, and an Islamic Integration expert with a score of 98.96%, 99.03%, and 73.13%, respectively. Then, the product was also assessed by six reviewers (chemistry teachers) with a score of 93.26% as a very good category. The product was tested on 75 students in 10th grade with 16 valid items and four invalid items with very high reliability, namely 0.843. The invalid items was then discarded. At the difficulty level, the product contains six easy, ten medium, and four difficult questions, with more than 75% of the questions able to distinguish students with high and low abilities. Therefore, the developed instrument is suitable for measuring HOTS and Islamic integration on the material of stoichiometry. However, the implementation of questions combining the teaching of chemistry and Islam can be utilized to produce better research outcomes.