Achieving excellent strength plasticity matching in low‐cost titanium alloy via nano‐twinning and hierarchical phase structure

Abstract The trade‐off between strength and ductility remains a significant challenge in titanium alloy development. Microstructural engineering is a cost‐effective alternative to balance strength and ductility. In this study, three microstructures were produced in low‐cost titanium alloys via solution treatment, and the alloys with α, α′‐martensite, and β phases exhibited an optimal strength–ductility combination. The hierarchical phase structure, α′‐martensite reorientation, multi‐oriented nanotwins, and dislocation interactions collectively contributed to its high yield strength (~ 1015 MPa), ultimate tensile strength (~ 1307 MPa), and satisfactory ductility (~ 13%). Importantly, this study reveals a new pathway for nanotwin formation in α′ phases and provides key insights for optimizing the mechanical properties of low‐cost titanium alloys.