Tehno-ekonomska analiza rada elektroenergetskog sistema sa integracijom električnih vozila

The energy transition and increased application of renewable energy sources in power systems pose challenges in electric grid management. One significant factor in this process is the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) and their capability for bidirectional charging through Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology, enabling energy return from EV batteries to the grid. This paper analyses the impact of V2G technology on voltage stability in a 35 kV distribution network and its economic significance for the system. Using PLEXOS and MATLAB software packages, various EV charging and discharging scenarios were modelled, with solar power plants as the primary renewable energy source. The results indicate positive effects of V2G technology, including improved voltage conditions and reduced operational costs. Economic analysis shows that V2G enables consumer cost savings and reduces the need for conventional supply sources during peak loads. However, accelerated battery wear in EVs presents a significant challenge, and further research is recommended to enhance the technology and develop regulatory frameworks for the broader adoption of V2G in the future.