Ameliorative effects of Syzygium cumini on gentamicin-induced renal damage in Wistar rats

The renoprotective effects of ethanolic extract of Syzygium cumini leaf in rats was systemically evaluated. The renal toxicity was induced by using gentamicin 100mg/kg, intraperitoneal (p.o.) for seven days. Phytochemical screenig and acute toxicity evaluation of Syzygium cumini leaf were carried out according standard procedure as per OECD guideline 423. The ethanolic extract of Syzygium cumini leaf were given to rats at doses level of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg, per oral administration for 14 days. Vitamin E at the dose of 250 mg/kg p.o. given per oral as standard drug to separate group of rat for 14 consecutive days for assessing Reno protective activity. Gentamicin produced nephrotoxicity in rats which was indicated by evidenced levels of serum uric acid, serum creatinine and decreased serum protein along with increased urine urea, urine uric acid, urine creatinine and totalprotein. On administration of ethanolic extract of Syzygium cumini leaf to albino rats showed significantly decreased in the serum urea, serum cretinine, serum uric acid and increase serum total protein along with reduced urine urea, urine cretinine, urine uric acid, and total protein. These were reduced in malondialdehyde levels and enhanced levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione as compared with gentamicin induced group. In histopathological studies revealed that gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity was indicated by degenerative alteration in kidney tissue, accompanied by vascular congestion with inflammation. The results indicates that Syzygium cumini leaf possesses Reno protective potential.