Model for Selecting Window Structures in Building Design with Consideration of the Security Situation

The problem of choosing a window structure for the residential buildings on the basis of multicriteria analysis is considered. The analysis of mathematical methods that can be used to develop a model of multicriteria selection of window construction option is carried out. To evaluate the values of the criteria, it is proposed to use the Saaty method of pairwise comparisons (hierarchy analysis method). The task of choosing a rational variant of window construction from a set of solution options at the design stage is put forward. The stages in the process of applying the method of pairwise comparisons in the decision-making model for choosing window structures are determined. To develop a decision-making model for choosing a rational variant of a window structure, the factors and criteria influencing the decision-making process are identified and formalized. Decision-making is takes place when each alternative (window construction option) meets all the requirements for the design of window structures according to building codes. At the same time, one alternative does not prevail over the others by all criteria. The article proposes a decision-making model that allows systematic and reasonable selection of a window structure, taking into account key parameters and the security factor. The model includes five main evaluation criteria: energy efficiency, architectural attractiveness and functionality, market price, burglary protection and blast resistance. The blast resistance criterion is an innovative one for decision-making, regarding the choice of window construction. The process of evaluating the values of the criteria for the alternatives is carried out expertly on the basis of information on the values of the criteria using the Saaty pairwise comparison method. To take into account the influence of the defined criteria, the method of linear convolution of weighted partial criteria is used, which allows to formalize the selection process and choose a rational design option when any alternative is an absolute leader in all parameters.