Design and Control for a Grid-Connected PV Generation System to Reduce Distortion

This paper investigates the operation and optimization of photovoltaic (PV) power plants, focusing on the implementation of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller to minimize waveform distortion and achieve a pure sinusoidal output. PV power plants consist of crucial components such as photovoltaic cells that convert solar radiation into direct current (DC) electricity, inverters that transform DC into alternating current (AC) for grid use, mounting systems for optimal panel orientation, charge controllers to manage power flow, battery storage systems for energy conservation, transformers for voltage regulation, and protective devices to ensure system safety. Despite these sophisticated components, fluctuations in solar radiation and grid disturbances can lead to harmonic distortion, affecting power quality. This study explores how PID controller can be employed to stabilize the output voltage, thereby reducing harmonic distortion and enhancing waveform quality. By continuously monitoring system parameters and adjusting control settings, the PID controller ensures the maintenance of a clean sinusoidal waveform, improving both the performance and reliability of PV power plants.