The Prevalence and Factors of Fast-Food Consumption among Iraqi Medical College Students, Iraq

Abstract This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors influencing fast food consumption among medical students at Al-Iraqia University. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq, from December 2023 to February 2024. The study included students from all six academic years of the College of Medicine. A total of 420 students participated, with 222 (52.9%) males. The mean age of participants was 21.11 ± 1.71 years (range: 18–24 years), and the mean BMI was 32.18 ± 13.88. Frequent fast-food consumption (≥ twice per week) was reported by 320 students (76.2%). The most commonly consumed fast foods were burgers and sandwiches, with lunch being the preferred meal for consumption. The primary factors driving fast food consumption included convenience, taste, and time constraints, while affordability and availability of utensils played a lesser role. The study revealed a high prevalence of fast-food consumption among medical students, primarily driven by time constraints, convenience, and taste preferences. Given the potential health risks associated with frequent fast-food intake, implementing targeted awareness programs and promoting healthier dietary alternatives may be crucial in improving students' eating habits and overall well-being. Observed during examination periods. Although consumption levels were generally within safe limits, the findings highlight the need for greater awareness regarding the long-term effects of excessive caffeine consumption. Keywords Fast Food, Iraq, Al-Iraqia University, Out-of-home foods, junk food, eating behavior, fast food consumption.