Analysis of one-year endoscopy data: A single center retrospective study

Aim: Endoscopy plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.The prevalence and findings of endoscopic procedures vary across regions, making local data analysis essential for optimizing clinical approaches.This study retrospectively analyzes one year of endoscopic procedures performed in a single-center endoscopy unit, evaluating patient demographics, indications, findings, and complication rates.Materials and Methods: We examined the records of upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopies performed between January 1 and December 31, 2024, at Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine Hospital.Patient characteristics, procedure findings, pathology results, and complications were assessed.Results: A total of 2,824 cases were included, with 1,965 undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and 859 undergoing colonoscopy.The most common findings in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were gastritis (40.8%), hiatal hernia (13.4%), and esophagitis (10.6%), while the malignancy rate was 1.8%.Among colonoscopy cases, the malignancy rate was 4.7%, with polyps (17.9%) and hemorrhoidal disease (14.6%) being the most frequent non-malignant findings.Complications were minimal, with only one case of colonic perforation reported, and there was no mortality.Discussion: Our findings underscore the importance of endoscopy in gastrointestinal disease diagnosis, highlighting common pathologies and the low incidence of major complications.Future prospective multicenter studies are warranted to validate our results and further explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of endoscopy.