Evaluation of laboratory parameters in patients with acute gastroenteritis caused by salmonella enteritidis

Aim: Gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the stomach and small intestine, presents with symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.Salmonella Enteritidis, a significant bacterial pathogen commonly transmitted via poultry and eggs, can cause severe complications, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.Rapid diagnosis is crucial in emergency settings, highlighting the need for effective diagnostic tools.This study investigates the utility of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index in diagnosing SE infections.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study, conducted in the emergency department of an urban hospital from May 1 to June 1, 2024, included 29 adult patients with acute gastroenteritis.Data on demographics, clinical parameters, and laboratory test results were analyzed.SE-positive and SE-negative patients were compared regarding systemic inflammation markers and clinical features.Statistical analyses using SPSS version 26.0 assessed the diagnostic value of SIII and other parameters through ROC curve analysis.Results: SE was identified in 12 of the 29 patients.SE-positive individuals showed significantly higher levels of platelets, C-reactive protein, creatinine, and SIII compared to SE-negative patients (p<0.05).Specifically, SIII with a cutoff of 1209.17 had 100% sensitivity and 41.2% specificity (p=0.042).CRP with a cutoff of 27.50 showed 83.3% sensitivity and 64.7% specificity (p=0.010).NLR analysis was not statistically significant.Additionally, creatinine levels were notably higher in SE-positive patients.Discussion: SIII appears to be a valuable diagnostic parameter for SE in emergency department gastroenteritis cases.It may aid in rapid decision-making for suspected SE infections.Further multicenter studies are necessary to confirm and generalize these findings.