The Influence of Environmental Factors on Eye Health and Prevention of Ophthalmological Diseases

Environmental factors profoundly influence the onset, progression, and severity of ophthalmological diseases, presenting significant public health challenges globally. Persistent exposure to air pollution, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, climate-related changes, and blue light from digital devices is linked to an alarming increase in ocular conditions such as dry eye syndrome, cataracts, macular degeneration, and photokeratitis. These factors not only compromise vision but also impact overall quality of life and productivity. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted impact of environmental influences on eye health, elucidating underlying mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammatory pathways, and disruption of the tear film. Furthermore, it identifies effective preventive measures, including protective technologies, nutritional strategies, and public health interventions, while spotlighting emerging innovations like AI-driven diagnostics and advanced therapeutic approaches. By synthesizing interdisciplinary insights and proposing actionable solutions, this study underscores the urgency of addressing environmental risks to safeguard ocular health and promote sustainable healthcare practices globally. DOI :https://doi.org/10.52783/pst.1356