The Effects of Tai Chi on the Electroencephalographic (EEG) Activity of Seafarers in the Maritime Environment

The unique maritime environment, characterized by prolonged isolation, monotony, and high-pressure work, poses significant challenges to the mental and physical health of seafarers, particularly affecting their brain function and emotional state. Electroencephalography (EEG), a non-invasive neuroimaging technique, provides an objective window into the cortical electrical activity of the brain, enabling the real-time assessment of cognitive and emotional changes in seafarers. Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese mind-body practice integrating physical postures, breath regulation, and mental focus, has been demonstrated to be effective in improving mood, alleviating stress, and enhancing cognitive function. This paper aims to systematically explore, from a neuroscience perspective, the potential effects of Tai Chi on the EEG activity of seafarers in the maritime environment and its underlying mechanisms. The paper first analyzes the potential impacts of the maritime environment on seafarers' EEG, primarily characterized by alterations related to stress, fatigue, and decreased vigilance. Subsequently, it reviews existing research on the effects of Tai Chi on the EEG of the general population, with a particular focus on its modulatory role on alpha and theta brainwave bands. Based on this evidence, a theoretical model is proposed, hypothesizing that long-term Tai Chi practice can optimize seafarers' EEG patterns. This optimization is predicted to manifest as an increase in resting-state alpha power, reflecting enhanced relaxation and internal focus, and a beneficial modulation of theta and beta activity related to emotional and cognitive processing, thereby improving seafarers' emotional stability, attention, and executive functions. Finally, the paper outlines a design framework for future empirical research, aiming to provide a scientific basis for utilizing Tai Chi as a non-pharmacological intervention to safeguard the mental well-being of seafarers and enhance maritime safety.