Hybrid Leadership in Mountain Province: Assessing Indigenous and Modern Governance among Notable Mayors

This study examines the leadership practices of municipal mayors in Mountain Province, Philippines, focusing on how they merge traditional governance systems with modern administrative approaches. Using a multidisciplinary framework drawing from indigenous political structures, transformational and transactional leadership theories, and hybrid governance, the research explores how mayors navigate the demands of both customary authority and formal governance. Findings show that effective leadership in the province is marked by a hybrid model that emphasizes cultural legitimacy, ethical conduct, and community engagement. Mayors often act as both administrators and cultural stewards, balancing legal frameworks with indigenous norms. The study highlights the value of culturally responsive leadership in promoting inclusive development and maintaining social cohesion. It suggests that integrating traditional governance principles into modern practices can strengthen trust, accountability, and policy relevance in culturally rooted communities.