Joint DOA-Range Estimation for Coherent Signals Exploiting Moving Time-Modulated Frequency Diverse Coprime Array

Existing techniques for joint direction-of-arrival (DOA) and range estimation, which often assume that the incoming signals are uncorrelated, suffer from performance degradation when dealing with coherent sources. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel algorithm based on the moving time-modulated frequency diverse coprime array (MTFDCA). The proposed method constructs a covariance matrix by selectively processing data vectors at specific time instants, effectively addressing signal coherency and enabling robust joint estimation in both DOA and range. Inspired by the forward and backward spatial smoothing (FBSS) concept, we refine the covariance structure to enhance the resolution and employ 2D-MUSIC for high-precision estimation. This approach achieves superior performance with lower computation complexity. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm and highlight its ability to handle coherent signals with improved accuracy and efficiency.