All-Cause Mortality in People With Four-Class Drug-Resistant HIV: A Matched Cohort Analysis With Data From the PRESTIGIO Registry
People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) with 4-drug class resistance (4DR) had a higher risk of death than non-4DR PWH, primarily due to lower CD4 cell counts. The priority for this vulnerable population is achieving virological control to enable immune recovery.
Authors
- Federica Malerba (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9105-0630)
- Daniela Valenti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-8724)
- Silvia Lamonica
- Maurizio Zazzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0344-6281)
- Antonio Di Biagio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1436-5089)
- Camilla Muccini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0900-5639)
- Daniele Armenia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3406-7014)
- Riccardo Lolatto (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2447-6498)
- Marcello Tavio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-8051)
- Marcello Feasi
- Tiziana Formenti
- Spinello Antinori (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-9407)
- Maria Mazzitelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0263-0703)
- Massimo Puoti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-7138)
- Valentina Da Ros (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0124-3288)
- Andrea Galli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-430X)
- Tommaso Clemente (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6548-3427)
- Elisa Garlassi
- Roberto Gulminetti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8456-3550)
- Tiziana Mulas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8761-6267)
- Rachele Pincino
- Loredana Sarmati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-0333)
- Davide Minisci
- Maria Teresa Demitri
- Laura Comi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0848-2847)
- Marcello Trizzino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-5139)
- Chiara Fornabaio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-8768)
- Diletta Laccabue (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-8042)
- Massimiliano Fabbiani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1343-812X)
- Stefano Nardi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6906-1766)
- Francesca Pennati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8896-8224)
- Elio Manzillo
- Silvia Fantino
- Nicolò Capra (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-2015)
- Andrea Calcagno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-8815)
- Adriana Cervo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1384-7847)
- Matteo Bassetti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0145-9740)
- Emanuele Focà (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-5379)
- Benedetto Maurizio Celesia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6919-1955)
- Vincenzo Olivadese
- Romina Corsini
- Flavia Balena (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0350-8331)
- Pierluigi Viale (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1264-0008)
- Antonio Sarà (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4551-1042)
- Leonardo Calza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1895-1504)
- Daniela Francisci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-8278)
- Giancarlo Orofino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-9674)
- Paolo Fusco (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3949-4293)
- Elisa Fronti
- Elisabetta Schiaroli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-4144)
- Giuseppe Vittorio De Socio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-4843)
- Filippo Lagi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-6070)
- Stefano Rusconi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0375-9990)
- Claudia Suardi
- Elisabetta Carini
- Emanuele Pontali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-0442)
- Vincenzo Spagnuolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9656-7217)
- Susanna Giachè
- Antonio Cascio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-1796)
- Federico D’Amico (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7825-4922)
- Carmen Giarratana
- Sabrina Bagaglio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3671-6022)
- Marisa Fusto
- Francesco Castelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9161-7804)
- Alessio Bellucci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3766-1921)
- Ilaria Rancan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6393-4212)
- Francesca Panza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-4362)
- Barbara Menzaghi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5073-6521)
- Mario Tumbarello (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9519-8552)
- Marta Fiscon
- Margherita Torti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5027-0469)
- Pierluigi Francesco Salvo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-7364)
- Carlo Torti
- Giulia Marchetti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4498-4828)
- Layla Pagnucco
- Maddalena Farinazzo
- Roberta Gagliardini
- Seble Tekle Kiros (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9687-0734)
- Annalisa Saracino
- Federica Carli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-234X)
- Cristina Mussini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6615-4198)
- Teresa Santantonio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-6904)
- Sergio Lo Caputo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4729-7548)
- Ornella Schioppa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6143-3860)
- Riccardo Riccardi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7515-6622)
- Bruno Cacopardo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7465-0714)
- Silvia Cretella (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1249-1618)
- Cristina Moioli
- Francesco Saladini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9934-377X)
- Rebecka Papaioannu Borjesson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6486-2231)
- A Narducci
- Michele Salvatore Paternò Raddusa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2452-4407)
- Giovanni Di Perri (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0852-2009)
- Angelo Pan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-4916)
- Cecilia Costa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-1271)
- Alessandro Bartoloni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9758-1523)
- Vincenzo Malagnino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6561-5298)
- Paola Brambilla
- F Lo Schiavo
- Filippo Ducci
- Amedeo Lanzardo
- Elisa Mirabelli
- Maria Mercedes Santoro
- Girolamo Piromalli
- Giovanni Cenderello
- Sergio Ferrara (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0377-9630)
- Paola Corsi
- Sabrina Blanchi
- Simona Di Giambenedetto
- Chiara Fornabaio
- Alessandra Mataloni Paggi
- Anna Maria Cattelan
- Lidia Gazzola
- Fabiana Trionfo Fineo
Institutions
- AOL (United States) (US)
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (IT)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic (IT)
- Istituto Nazionale per le Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani (IT)
- Ospedale San Paolo (IT)
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (IT)
- Azienda USL di Bologna (IT)
- Torino e-district (IT)
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele (IT)
- ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco (IT)
- Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona (IT)
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Cremona
Publication Details
- Journal
- Clinical Infectious Diseases
- Published
- 2025-07-30
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaf421
- Primary Topic
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Gilead Sciences
- ViiV Healthcare
- Mylan
- Cilag