GREEN ECONOMY AND ITS IMPACT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Green economy is increasingly becoming a central element of sustainable development strategies aimed at harmoniously combining economic growth, environmental sustainability and social justice. In the context of intensifying global challenges such as climate change, depletion of natural resources, environmental pollution and inequality in access to benefits, the transition to a green economic model is acquiring strategic importance for countries at different levels of development. Green economy implies efficient use of resources, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, development of renewable energy, modernization of infrastructure and creation of “green” jobs. The article considers key aspects of green economy, its role in ensuring long-term sustainability and the mechanism of implementation at the national and international levels. Particular attention is paid to the impact of green transformation on various sectors of the economy — from industry and transport to agriculture and energy. Examples of successful implementation of sustainable practices in different countries are analyzed, as well as the effects associated with the transition to low-carbon technologies and “green” investments. In addition, issues of public policy, regulation and financing necessary for stimulating sustainable development are covered. The possibilities of public-private partnerships, green lending, issuance of green bonds and the formation of carbon unit markets are considered. The relationship of the green economy with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which serve as the main guideline for the global community in achieving a balance between economic, social and environmental priorities, is also touched upon.