Urban Sewage Treatment Monitoring Based on 3DEEM Regional PCA

Abstract Urban sewage treatment, as a key task of modern environmental engineering, plays a crucial role in ensuring public health, environmental protection, and sustainable utilization of water resources. However, as the concentration and types of organic pollutants in wastewater increase, the monitoring task of wastewater treatment has become a major challenge. The study used the three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy regional principal component analysis method to analyze and track the conversion and removal efficiency of organic matter in the wastewater treatment process in detail. Research has found that the regional similarity of aromatic protein substances decreased from 90.06 % to 88.26 %. The regional similarity of microbial metabolites decreased from 89.53 % to 87.91 %, indicating a relatively stable transformation of microbial metabolites. The regional values of humic acid and humic acid substances decreased from 77.88 % and 77.61 % to 71.01 % and 66.11 %, respectively. The study validated the application value of the given regional principal component analysis method in monitoring organic matter changes in urban sewage treatment processes, providing quantitative basis for understanding the behavior patterns of different organic substances in sewage treatment processes. This method provides scientific guidance for optimizing treatment processes and improving water quality. It promotes the development of urban sewage treatment technology and the progress of environmental protection work.