The Relationship between Digital Economy Development, Industrial Structure Upgrading, and Employment: An Analysis Based on the TVP-VAR Model

Under the background of the continuous development of big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, the digital economy has become a new engine of economic growth. The development of the digital economy has brought new vitality to the industrial structure upgrade, provided new directions for college employment, and supported the digital transformation of college education through business process modeling and business process management systems (Applied computing and Enterprise computing); simultaneously, industrial structure upgrade has promoted the further development of the digital economy and exerted profound impacts on employment. As a pioneering area for digital economy reform in the western region of China, Shaanxi Province serves as a microcosm of the digital economy development in the western region. This paper constructs a dynamic model to explore the interrelationships among digital economy development, industrial structure upgrade, and employment in Shaanxi Province. Empirical analysis reveals that: (1) Digital economy development and industrial structure upgrade positively promote employment levels; (2) Industrial structure upgrade exhibits a U-shaped impact on employment, with short-term negative effects and long-term positive effects; (3) Industrial structure upgrade can enhance digital economy development through technological spillover effects. Based on these findings, this study proposes: (1) Strengthening top-level design of the digital economy; (2) Promoting digital transformation of college education through business process modeling and business process management systems; (3) Building intelligent cloud classrooms with AI empowerment. These measures aim to establish a theoretical framework for steady improvement of industrial structure and employment situation in the digital economy era, thereby fully leveraging the advantages of the digital economy to achieve high-quality economic development.