DETERMİNATİON OF THE SCANNİNG VELOCİTY OF ATMOSPHERİC OBJECTS USİNG AN ELECTRONİCALLY SCANNED ACOUSTO-OPTİC LOCATOR

This paper analyzes the principles, technical foundations, and advantages of determining the scanning velocity of atmospheric objects using an Electronically Scanned Acousto-Optic Locator (ESAOL). A review of recent wars and conflicts worldwide reveals a significant demand for compact, energy-efficient radar systems that operate in real time with high accuracy. Acousto-optic-effect-based locators meet these requirements by diffracting a laser beam to steer it and thereby scan the coordinates and motion parameters of moving targets in the atmosphere. We present the underlying theory of Bragg diffraction as applied to the formation of the scanning angle, the interaction between acoustic waves and optical radiation, the frequency dependence of the diffraction angle, and the calculation methods for the angular scan rate, all based on fundamental equations. The scanning velocity of targets is modeled taking into account the efficiency of the optical components, the material properties of the acousto-optic modulators, and the response time of the control electronics. The results confirm the high effectiveness of the ESAOL for aerial monitoring and tactical reconnaissance under conditions of active counter-surveillance. This work can inform the development of next-generation, mobile radio-optical air-defense systems.