Phylogenetic Analysis of Sugarcane for Sugar Production: Population Structure and Adaptive Evolution Based on Whole-Genome Data

Based on genome-wide data, the phylogenetic relationships, population structure and adaptive evolution characteristics of Saccharum  spp. were analyzed. The results showed that there was high genetic diversity between species and species, and the modern cultivated species was derived from multiple interspecific hybridization and polyploidy events, especially the genes of S. officinarum  and S. spontaneum . This study revealed the genetic basis and evolutionary process of sugar yield traits such as sucrose content, stem weight and stem yield, and determined the genetic relationships among different varieties through phylogenetic and population structure analysis. This study provided a scientific basis for the genetic improvement of important agronomic traits of sugarcane, the formulation of precise breeding strategies and the efficient use of diverse germplasm resources.