Pengaruh Susunan Lapisan Flexy Banner–Glass Fiber Terhadap Densitas Komposit dan Kekasaran Permukaan Dengan Metode Vacuum Infusion

The abundant flexy banner waste in Indonesia has the potential to be processed into environmentally friendly and economically valuable composite materials. This study aims to investigate the influence of variations in the layering of flexy banners and glass fiber on the physical characteristics of the composite. The composite production process was carried out using the vacuum infusion method to ensure more uniform resin distribution. Physical characteristic testing of the composite was conducted through density testing in accordance with ASTM D792 and surface roughness measurement in accordance with ASTM D7127 to assess internal quality and surface smoothness. The results show that the specimen with variation V3 provides the most optimal performance with a density value of 2.0601 g/cm3 and surface roughness values of 14.74 μm and 1.29 μm for the top and bottom surfaces, respectively. All three layer arrangement variations exhibited density values above 2.0 g/cm³, indicating the success of the vacuum infusion process in producing a relatively homogeneous internal composite structure with minimal air voids. These findings demonstrate that variations in layer arrangement significantly contribute to improving composite quality, both in terms of surface uniformity and mechanical performance, thereby offering broad application potential in the environmentally friendly materials industry. Kata kunci: density, flexy banner, glass fiber, surface roughness, vacuum infusion