Effect of Severe Malaria on Biochemical Markers (Renal Functions Tests) among Severe Malaria Patients Attending to Kosti Teaching Hospital, White Nile State, Sudan

Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by the infection of red blood cells with protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium.When untreated or improperly treated, it leads to fatal complications such as liver disease, organ dysfunction, and death.This case-control study was conducted to estimate levels of serum total bilirubin and direct and indirect bilirubin among patients with severe malaria in Kosti Teaching Hospital during the period from October 2024 -November 2024.Results showed a significant increase in plasma creatinine and proteinuria among cases compared with the control (P=0.000,P=0.000).They also showed a mild significant positive correlation between age and BMI (r= 0.586, P=0.000) and between plasma creatinine with age and BMI (r=0.270,P=0.000) (r=0.361,P=0.000) respectively, and between plasma creatinine with creatinine clearance (r=0.838,P=0.000) in the case study group.The results showed that plasma creatinine and proteinuria levels were increased among severe malaria patients compared with normal controls and also revealed a significant increase in plasma urea and uric acid among cases compared with controls (P Value = 0.000, P Value = 0.000).It also showed a mild significant positive correlation between age with BMI (r=0.586,P Value=0.000), and between plasma urea with age and BMI (r=0.104,P Value =0.109) (r=0.076,P Value=0.240)respectively, also result showed significant increase uric acid with age and BMI (r=0.292,p=0.000)(r=0.402,p=0.000)and between plasma urea with uric acid (r=0.520,PValue=0.000) in case study group.Additionally, the reduction of sodium and potassium in malaria infections can be attributed to hyponatremia and hypokalemia (p = 0.000), with statistical significance.Additionally, the results showed no correlation between plasma Calcium and age and BMI in the case study group.In conclusion, Malaria affects patients' electrolytes and renal function.