Multimodal Treatment Superiority in Osteoarthritis: Insights from a Dagestani Cohort Study (2022-2024)

This prospective observational study evaluated the efficacy and safety of different treatment modalities in 240 osteoarthritis (OA) patients (mean age 58.7±9.2 years; 68.3% female) at a diagnostic center in the Republic of Dagestan from 2022 to 2024. Patients were stratified into four treatment groups: NSAIDs (n=72), chondroprotectors (n=60), hyaluronic acid (HA) injections (n=54), and combination therapy (n=54). Primary outcomes included changes in pain intensity (VAS) and functional status (WO