Sphenoethmoid mucocele: a rare cause of optic neuropathy

Introduction: The causes of optic neuropathy include ischemic optic neuropathy, infectious agents, inflammatory processes, and compressive lesions. Although a paranasal sinus mucocele is a rare cause of compressive optic neuropathy, it can be treatable with early diagnosis and appropriate management. This study aims to highlight the importance of recognizing and managing paranasal sinus mucoceles as a treatable cause of optic neuropathy. Case Report: A 61-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia who presented with a one-month history of vision loss in her left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic lesion compressing the left optic nerve, suggestive of a sphenoethmoid mucocele. Mucocele marsupialization and antibiotics improved her vision, highlighting the paranasal sinus mucocele as a potential cause of optic neuropathy. Conclusion: Recognizing paranasal sinus mucoceles as a potential cause of optic neuropathy is important, despite their rarity, as they may be treatable. A multidisciplinary approach, including surgical intervention and infection control, is key to their management.