Effect of various parameters on the morphology of anodic WO <sub>3</sub> nanostructure: transition from nanoflowers to nanosheets
Nanomaterials with diverse morphologies have attracted considerable attention owing to their applications in numerous scientific disciplines. This study investigated the influence of various experimental parameters on the morphology of anodic WO<sub>3</sub> nanostructures obtained in aqueous HNO<sub>3</sub>. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that WO<sub>3</sub> comprises a monoclinic phase, while field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) results revealed the formation of WO<sub>3</sub> nanoflowers and nanosheets morphologies under optimized conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis further verified the chemical composition and oxidation state (W<sup>6+</sup>) of the WO<sub>3</sub> nanoflowers. The proposed mechanism for the formation of nanoflowers and its transition to nanosheets based on chemical reactions is also elucidated. This study provides information regarding the specified parameters and their potential impact on the morphology of the anodic WO<sub>3</sub> nanostructures.
Authors
- Sajid Iqbal
- Maaz Khan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0337-8848)
- Ghafar Ali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5284-6150)
- Habib Ullah (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9411-5700)
- Jong-Il Yun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8629-2259)
- Sung Oh Cho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5441-3244)
- Ziaur Rehman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1436-3131)
- Rizwana Ghazi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4158-6832)
- Sarhang Hayyas Mohammed
Institutions
- Quaid-i-Azam University (PK)
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR)
- Wuhan University of Technology (CN)
- University of Kufa (IQ)
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PK)
Publication Details
- Journal
- RSC Advances
- Published
- 2025-01-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1039/d5ra03947a
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.61
Funders
- Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning