Research on the Digital Economy Empowering Export Trade in goods in the Greater Bay Area Based on a Fixed-Effects Model

The Greater Bay Area occupies an important position in the overall national development, and has become an important engine for promoting the digital transformation of global trade. Against the background of the development of the digital economy, this study focuses on the export trade of goods in the Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area, and constructs a digital economy indicator system covering four dimensions: digital infrastructure, digital industrialisation, industrial digitisation and digital innovation capacity. The system analyses the panel data of nine cities in the Greater Bay Area, measures the level of digital economy development using the entropy method, and empirically analyses the impact of the digital economy on the export trade of goods in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area using the fixed-effect model and robustness test. The study shows that the digital economy has a significant impact on promoting export trade in the Greater Bay Area, but regional development differences still exist. The construction of digital infrastructure promotes cross-border data flow, the integration of digital industrialization and industrial digitization together generate new international trade patterns, while the improvement of digital innovation capability opens up new avenues for the innovative development of trade patterns. The findings reveal the transformative impact of the digital economy on international trade in goods, and provide key insights for promoting balanced regional development and consolidating the leading position of the Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau Greater Bay Area in global digital trade.