Development of methods for synthesizing panoramic optical systems based on panoramic annular lenses

Subject of study. The subject of this study is panoramic annular lenses (PALs) and the optical systems based on them. Aim of study. The aim is to develop methods for synthesizing PALs and designing relay optical systems that incorporate them. Method. A method for synthesizing PALs was developed based on controlling the trajectories of real optical rays. A software tool for the synthesis of panoramic optical components was created and integrated with a program for optical system modeling and aberration analysis, both developed by the authors. Main results. A new method was developed that enables the synthesis of PALs with a specified aperture ratio and maximum viewing angle (including cases where 2 ω max >180 ∘ ), while minimizing the size of the blind zone near the optical axis. Issues related to aberration compensation in the synthesis of relay optical systems were also addressed. Practical significance. A new design for the panoramic component was proposed, offering improved manufacturability. A compact panoramic optical system for the visible range was also developed. Additionally, synthesis results for an ultra-wide-angle (field of view up to 2 ω =190 ∘ ) and super-aperture (relative aperture up to 1:0.53) optical system for the infrared range can be applied, in particular, to the development of multi-altitude local vertical detectors for low-orbit satellites.