Exploring Preventative Measures: The Role of Nurses in the Fight Against Cervical Cancer in Iraq

Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern globally, especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) such as Iraq, where healthcare challenges and cultural barriers impede prevention efforts. Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play a critical role in promoting awareness, education, and prevention of cervical cancer. However, their knowledge, cultural attitudes, and behavioural intentions remain underexamined. Objectives: To assess the knowledge, cultural attitudes, and intentions of nurses toward cervical cancer prevention in Iraq using the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) as a guiding framework. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 105 registered nurses working in maternal hospitals across Mosul, Iraq. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire encompassing demographic information, knowledge of cervical cancer, cultural attitudes, and intentions toward prevention. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, including mean, standard deviation (SD) and Pearson’s correlation, were performed using SPSS version 25 to explore interrelationships among the variables. Results: While the majority of nurses demonstrated moderate knowledge of cervical cancer, significant gaps were identified, particularly regarding the role of HPV as a primary cause. Cultural attitudes, including stigma and traditional gender roles, influenced preventive practices. Nurses expressed generally positive intentions toward cervical cancer prevention, driven by workplace expectations and peer influence, though some lacked motivation and confidence. Barriers such as limited access to screening, financial constraints, and insufficient healthcare support were significant challenges. Conclusion: The study highlights critical gaps in nurses’ knowledge and cultural attitudes toward cervical cancer prevention, emphasising the need for targeted educational campaigns, policy reforms, and systemic support to empower nurses. Addressing these gaps can enhance preventive practices and contribute to reducing the cervical cancer burden in Iraq.