Frugally inventive carbon fabric-based wearable sensor for monitoring human body movements

We present a flexible, multilayer fabric strain sensor composed of a carbon fabric layer sandwiched between elastic bands. The sensor achieved a gauge factor of 3.4 and maintained its durability up to 635% strain. Its uniform graphite layer enabled reliable fabrication and easy integration into wearable formats. Performing well on commercial gloves and bands, the sensor effectively captured strain variations during body movement and enabled wireless transmission for real-time monitoring. Distinct resistance patterns were recorded for various body motions such as walking, jogging, jumping, and knee bending with a clear separation between high- and low-intensity activities. The overall design supports scalable fabrication and practical integration into wearable systems.