<i>Dictyophora indusiata</i> polysaccharide fractions promote the proliferation and metabolism of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> F2

This study aims to investigate the effect of <i>Dictyophora indusiata</i> polysaccharide fractions DIP0_p and DIP1_p on the proliferation and metabolism of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> F2. <i>In vitro</i> static digestion showed that the total sugar, reducing sugar content, functional groups and surface morphology of DIP0_p and DIP1_p did not change significantly during the saliva, gastric and small intestine digestion. In particular, DIP0_p and DIP1_p promoted the proliferation and metabolism of <i>B. longum</i> F2. Here, the acetic acid levels of DIP0_p and DIP1_p were 265.63 ± 5.57 ppm and 259.14 ± 4.31 ppm, which were significantly higher than those of the control group at 48 h of fermentation. In addition, DIP0_p increased the metabolites related to anti-inflammation compared to DIP1_p during fermentation, including itaconic acid and <i>trans</i>-cinnamic acid. This provides a theoretical basis for the development of targeted prebiotics from <i>D. indusiata</i> polysaccharides and the understanding of the precise biological activities of edible fungi polysaccharides.