Handling the discomfort of posture in ergonomics motorcycle riding: An integrative review

This integrative review assesses the influence of motorcycle ergonomics on discomfort and riding posture, as well as the factors that should be studied for improved human-motorcycle interaction. The PICO search strategy was employed, following the guiding question "How can ergonomics influence motorcyclists' discomfort and riding posture?", and limiting the search to the last 10 years, in order to ensure the analysis of updated data. The eligibility assessment of the articles followed the PRISMA protocol. After a comprehensive review, a total of nine articles were included in the analysis. When examining the body regions where participants reported experiencing the greatest discomfort while riding, a notable consistency emerged across the various studies. These regions included the neck, shoulders, back, hands and wrists, and buttocks. The available results showed that several ergonomic factors, such as body posture, are influenced by the anthropometric characteristics of the rider, exposure to vibration, and the design of the motorcycle itself. These factors collectively contribute to levels of discomfort and musculoskeletal disorders. It was determined that ergonomic adaptations to the motorcycle are necessary, with the initial modifications being relatively minor, such as a lumbar support. In the idealized ergonomic design, the motorcycle is shaped to fit each individual, thereby providing a more pleasant and healthy ride.