Application of Roy’s adaptation model in a child with COVID-19: Case study and review

Background and aims: Studies have shown that traditional measures are not enough in the care and treatment of children with coronavirus. Although the model has been used in adults, it has been used less in children. While children need a comprehensive care approach due to their special sensitivity, so the purpose of this study was to apply Roy’s adaptation model in children with COVID-19. Methods: we used Roy’s adaptation model in a child with COVID-19. Roy’s nursing model considers the goal of nursing actions to promote adaptive responses in each of the four dimensions of Physiological Mode, Self-Concept Mode, Independence and Interdependence Mode, and Role Function Model. Case Presentation: A 2-year-old girl develops febrile seizures following COVID-19. He weighed 10 kg. He had a history of complete vaccination and a history of close contact with a patient with respiratory signs and symptoms. The patient had a febrile seizure and the fever had started the day before. The patient recently had chills for several minutes, cyanosis, and tachycardia. The patient was admitted for further evaluation. Due to seizure, EEG was done, which showed normal signs. Laboratory findings showed an inflammatory condition. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest showed peripheral involvement, but a chest X-ray was normal. In addition, based on paraclinical findings, we further evaluated the patient for SARS-Cov-2 infection. After thorough evaluation, based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs and chest HRCT, the patient was diagnosed as a positive case of COVID-19. In this way, the patient was treated and cared for and discharged after five days of hospitalization with normal vital signs. The data were collected using observation, interview and patient documentation and were analyzed in four dimensions, based on the steps of the nursing process in Roy’s adaptation model. Conclusion: The results of our study showed that the use of Roy’s adaptation model with emphasis on physical and mental dimensions in children improved nursing care. Although this is a case study and the number of samples was small, it is recommended that researchers can use this model in children’s nursing care in future experimental studies.