Effects of Pranayama on Heart Rate Variability: Insights from Randomized Controlled Trials

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a reliable indicator of autonomic balance. Various Pranayama techniques differentially influence the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. This brief communication presents a synthesis of findings from seven randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of different Pranayama practices on HRV. While slow-paced Pranayama practices predominantly enhance parasympathetic activity, rapid breathing exercises demonstrate heterogeneous autonomic effects. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of Pranayama in modulating autonomic tone, promoting cardiovascular health, and managing stress-related conditions.