The Development Progress of Watermarking for AIGC-Generated Images

随着人工智能生成内容(AIGC)技术的迅速发展，扩散模型(Diffusion Models, DMs)在图像生成和编辑领域展现了巨大的潜力。然而，扩散模型生成内容的真实性难以辨别，滥用生成模型可能引发隐私泄露、版权侵权等社会问题。为了解决这一问题，数字水印技术逐渐成为保护AIGC模型版权、追踪生成内容的重要手段。本文从图像生成技术的发展、传统和最新的数字图像水印算法以及针对AIGC的水印方法三个核心领域进行了综述。此外，我们还研究了该领域中使用的常见性能评估指标。最后，对研究中存在的问题进行了讨论，并提出了今后的研究方向。With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) technologies, diffusion models (DMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential in image generation and editing. However, it is often difficult to distinguish the authenticity of content generated by diffusion models, and their misuse may lead to issues such as privacy breaches and copyright infringement. To address these challenges, digital watermarking has emerged as a crucial approach for protecting the copyright of AIGC models and tracing generated content. This paper reviews the development of image generation technologies, traditional and cutting-edge digital watermarking algorithms, and watermarking methods specifically designed for AIGC. Furthermore, commonly used performance evaluation metrics in this field are examined. Finally, the paper discusses current research challenges and outlines future research directions.