The Value of Exercise Testing in Prediction of Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetic Patient Along with SYNTAX Score

Object: Exercise tolerance testing, or ETT, is an effective instrument to diagnose which patients have ischemia when activity impacts their electrocardiograms. It can also be used to collect significant information about exercise capacity, exercise-induced arrhythmias, blood pressure and heart rate responses, and symptoms. Aims: To determine the severity and complexity of CAD, a complete angiographic scoring system is employed intermittently called SYNTAX score. The association between Syntax score and CAD severity in patients with diabetes mellitus is not well-researched in the background. Methodology: Patients with diabetes who were thought to have coronary artery disease received exercise tolerance testing. Syntax score was used to evaluate positive cases undergoing coronary angiography in order to predict the association. In the cardiology department of the Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute in Dhaka, observational research was performed. Bangladesh, between June 1, 2020, to November 30, 2023. Based on their Duke tread mill scores, 520 patients were included in this study and separated into groups. Diabetic patients with high Duke Treadmill score (DTS) (≤-11) were included in group I and diabetic patients with medium ( -10 to +4) and low Duke Treadmill score (≥+ 5) were included in group II. Results: Throughout June 1, 2020, and November 30, 2023 in the cardiology department of the Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute in Dhaka, observational research was performed, Bangladesh. There were 520 patients studied and grouped according to their Duke treadmill scores. The mean age of study population was 55.2 ± 9.0 years, ranging from 18 to 75 years. Triple vessel disease patients exhibited a statistically significant (p=0.001) higher SYNTAX score > 22 than SYNTAX score < 22. The probability of developing severe coronary artery disease (SYNTAX score > 22) is more than 5.0 (95% CI = 3.7-7.6) times higher for diabetic patients with DTS < -11 (high-risk group) than for those with DTS ≥ -10 (low & medium risk) (p < 0.001). The considerable adverse relationship among the DTS and SYNTAX scores is evident (r = - 0.583, p 0.0001). Conclusion: High DTS was found to be strongly connected with the coronary artery disease severity by calculating SYNTAX score. Patients with high Duke Treadmill scores are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.