Research Progress on Transvaginal Cervical Cerclage for the Treatment of Cervical Incompetence in Twin Pregnancies

宫颈机能不全(Cervical Incompetence, CI)以妊娠中晚期反复出现的无痛性宫颈管缩短及扩张为典型临床特征，常导致难免流产及早产。在双胎妊娠中，早产作为其最常见的并发症，导致的早产儿健康问题严重影响人口质量和健康素质。虽然经阴式宫颈环扎术作为CI的标准治疗手段已获临床共识，但其在双胎妊娠中的疗效评估仍存在较大争议。本文系统综述近年来经阴道宫颈环扎术在双胎妊娠合并CI患者中的临床应用进展，重点探讨其病因、适应证选择及术后检测等关键问题，以期为临床决策提供理论依据。Cervical Incompetence (CI) is typically characterized by recurrent painless shortening and dilation of the cervical canal in the middle and late stages of pregnancy, often leading to inevitable miscarriage and preterm birth. In twin pregnancies, preterm birth, as the most common complication, causes health problems in preterm infants that seriously affect the quality and health of the population. Although transvaginal cervical cerclage has gained clinical consensus as the standard treatment method for CI, there is still considerable controversy over its efficacy evaluation in twin pregnancies. This article systematically reviews the clinical application progress of transvaginal cervical cerclage in patients with twin pregnancies complicated with CI in recent years, focusing on key issues such as its etiology, indication selection, and postoperative detection, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for clinical decision-making.