Association between serum glucose potassium ratio and short- and long-term all-cause mortality in patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit: a retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC-IV database

This study demonstrates that higher GPR levels strongly predict increased short- and long-term mortality risk in ICU-admitted sepsis patients. The composite nature of GPR, reflecting both hyperglycemia and hypokalemia, offers incremental prognostic value beyond single metabolic parameter. A critical threshold effect was observed at GPR=30, where risk substantially increased. This consistent association across patient subgroups positions GPR as a promising biomarker for identifying high-risk sepsis patients, warranting prospective validation.