Application of mediation in civil proceedings in Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Germany

The relevance of this study stems from the need to enhance the effectiveness of dispute resolution in civil proceedings in Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Germany through the use of alternative methods, particularly mediation. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive examination of the application of mediation in the civil process in both Ukraine and Germany. Attention was focused on identifying legal and procedural barriers to its effective implementation and formulating proposals to improve the relevant legal frameworks of both countries. The methodological basis of the research included formal legal, comparative legal, and systemic-structural analysis, as well as case analysis. These methods enabled the examination of legal acts, judicial practice, and doctrinal approaches in both jurisdictions. Despite ongoing reforms in both legal systems, challenges remain in institutionalising mediation mechanisms – particularly regarding legislative gaps, the enforcement of mediation agreements, and judicial encouragement of dispute settlement. The findings indicated that in Germany, the use of mediation is systematically integrated into civil proceedings. This is attributed to the existence of a coherent legal framework, well-trained mediators, and judicial support for the voluntary resolution of disputes. In Ukraine, despite the adoption of relevant legal acts, the practical application of mediation remains fragmented and insufficiently developed. This is largely due to the absence of unified standards, a low level of awareness among legal professionals, and limited institutional support. The comparative analysis showed that Germany’s experience may be beneficial for Ukraine – particularly in terms of raising qualification requirements for mediators, developing court-annexed mediation, and strengthening public trust in alternative dispute resolution. The practical significance of the study lies in the formulation of scientifically grounded proposals for optimising mediation within the civil justice system. These recommendations may be utilised by legislators, judges, and legal practitioners to improve access to justice and reduce the burden on the judiciary through the development of an effective mediation infrastructure