Facile preparation of Fe₃O₄/HAP/Ag nanomaterial and photocatalytic degradation of four types of dyes with mechanism

The present study involved the facile and green preparation of Fe₃O₄/HAP/Ag (HAP:hydroxyapatite) nanocomposites as catalyst, and followed by comprehensive investigation of their photocatalytic degradation four types of dyes. The photocatalytic degradation of sunset yellow, eosin, allure red and sudan red III dyes under illuminated circumstances were conducted. The structure and morphology of the catalyst was characterized and analyzed by advanced analytical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), mapping and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic performance of the catalysts were evaluated in detail. The influence of various parameters, including the dosage of catalyst and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and pH were further examined. The photoelectrochemical studies including cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scavenger analysis were discussed. The findings indicated that the Fe₃O₄/HAP/Ag composites demonstrated remarkable capabilities for pollutant removal through photocatalysis, with the degradation rates of 95.6%, 99.5%, 98.4% and 88.6% for sunset yellow, eosin, allure red and sudan red III, respectively. The degradation mechanisms were proposed in detail. The current study provide reference perspective for design of materials for photocatalysis system and wastewater remediation.