Endothelial dysfunction as a risk factor for thrombotic complications in children with postoperative thrombocytosis (literature review)

Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a key factor in the development of thrombotic complications and cardiovascular diseases. The article examines the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of ED. Special attention is given to the role of ED in the development of thrombosis in patients after splenectomy. In children, ED can be caused by congenital pathologies, chronic diseases, or surgical interventions, making this issue particularly relevant in pediatrics. Modern diagnostic methods are described, along with their limitations in pediatric practice. Potential therapeutic approaches are discussed, although standardized treatment protocols are lacking. The article emphasizes the importance of studying ED as a significant risk factor that requires new approaches in pediatrics and pediatric hematology.