Energy Efficiency and Indoor Microclimate in Balloon Halls: A Case Study on Thermal Stability and Ventilation Simulation

Balloon halls represent an economical and flexible building solution, offering year-round use with relatively low construction and maintenance costs. However, their lightweight structure and low thermal mass pose challenges in maintaining indoor comfort and energy efficiency. This study examines the energy performance and indoor microclimate of a balloon hall adjacent to a primary school in a continental climate, focusing on thermal stability, ventilation, and energy efficiency. A detailed energy model was developed using EnergyPlus, with an emphasis on the role of the Energy Management System (EMS) in dynamically controlling heating, cooling, and lighting demands. Adaptive control strategies improve thermal stability while reducing HVAC energy consumption. The hall’s hybrid ventilation system—combining natural and mechanical methods—supports air quality and energy sustainability. The study offers practical guidance for designing and operating balloon halls with integrated climate control, contributing to energy-efficient lightweight construction methods in educational buildings.