DEVELOPMENT OF THE MOST OPTIMAL METHOD OF PLANTING EARLY POTATOES

This article provides research data for 2021-2023 on the expediency of using different planting methods (smooth, comb) in the cultivation of early potato varieties (Volzhanin, Udacha, Zhukovsky early). As a result, it was revealed that the maximum photosynthetic activity of the varieties was observed with the comb planting method. So, on average, over the years of the field experiment, with this method, the average leaf area for varieties was noted at the level of 51.3 thousand m2/ha. In the variant with a smooth landing (48.4 thousand m2/ha), the leaf surface decreased by 6.0%. The index of net photosynthetic productivity (NPF) in the second variant (ridge planting) was 5.85 g/m2 *day, at 5.64 g/ m2 *day. – on plots with smooth planting. The difference was 3.7%. The maximum values of leaf area and net photosynthetic productivity, as shown by experimental data, were obtained on crops of the Zhukovsky early variety – 50.3-53.5 thousand m2/ha and 6.73-7.03 g/m2 *day. Low data (46.3-48.9 thousand m2/ha and 5.00-5.16 g/ m2 *day) were recorded in plots with the Volzhanin variety, the decrease compared to the previous variety was 8.6-9.4 and 34.6-36.2%. Data on the Udacha variety (48.5-51.6 thousand m2/ha and 5.21-5.36) occupy g/m2 *day. The analysis of tuber yield data, depending on the agricultural practices used and the varieties studied, showed the following. The highest yield, at the level of 25.9 t/ha, was recorded in the case of ridge planting. In the control version (smooth landing), it was 15.1% lower. The highest yield was provided by the Zhukovsky early variety, and the minimum values were observed on plantings of the Volzhanin variety.